First Aid Guide: Adder Bites

Signs of an Adder Bite in Dogs

• Swelling: Rapid swelling around the bite site, usually within 2 hours.
• Pain: Yelping, whimpering, or limping due to pain at the bite site.
• Bruising: Dark discolouration around the bite.
• Weakness: Lethargy or collapse.
• Panting: Rapid or shallow breathing.
• Vomiting: Nausea or vomiting.
• Drooling: Excessive salivation.
• Pale Gums: Indication of shock or blood loss.

First Aid Response

• Stay Calm: Keep yourself and your dog calm to prevent the spread of venom.
• Limit Movement: Carry your dog if possible to reduce movement and slow venom spread.
• Keep the Bite Area Below Heart Level: Helps to slow the venom's circulation.
• Avoid Sucking or Cutting: Do not try to suck out venom or cut the bite area.
• Clean the Wound: Gently clean the bite area with water to remove dirt and bacteria.

When to Take Your Dog to the Vet

• Immediately: Always seek veterinary care immediately after a bite.
• Signs of Severe Reaction: If your dog shows severe symptoms like collapse, breathing difficulties, or pale gums, go to the vet immediately.

Treatment by the Vet

• Anti-venom: May be administered to neutralise the venom.
• Pain Relief: Pain management medications.
• Fluids: Intravenous fluids to maintain blood pressure and hydration.
• Anti-inflammatories: To reduce swelling and inflammation.
• Antibiotics: To prevent secondary infections.

How to Avoid Adder Bites

• Leash Walks: Keep your dog on a leash in areas known to have adders.
• Stay on Paths: Stick to clear paths and avoid tall grass or underbrush.
• Avoid Peak Times: Adders are more active during warm weather, especially in spring and early summer.
• Awareness: Be vigilant and aware of your surroundings when walking in areas known for adders.

By following these guidelines, you can effectively manage a situation where your dog is bitten by an adder and minimise the risk of it happening in the first place. Always prioritise getting professional veterinary help as soon as possible.